Saturday, 24 February 2018

Section 1 d) Summary

Relative atomic mass (Ar) is the mass of an atom, relative to Carbon, which has an Ar of 12. This is because of the tiny size of atoms, measuring in fractions of a gram would be extremely impractical.
Relative formula mass (Mr) is the total relative mass of a molecule. It is the Ar of each atom in a molecule added together. (e.g. CO2 would be 1 x 12, because there is one carbon, plus 2 x 16, because there are two oxygens, adding to a Mr of 44)

Mr can be used to calculate the mass of a substance that can be obtained from a chemical reaction, or how much of a substance is necessary to neutralise another substance.
This formula triangle is useful in calculating masses:

When the Mr of a substance is equal to the number of grams there are of it, that is one mole. A mole is 6.022 x 10^23 particles. This is called Avagadro's number, or Avagadro's constant.
A mole of gas at room temperature and pressure always takes up 24 dm^3, or 24000 cm^3. 

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Section 3 a) Specification

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